The Englih chemit and phyicit Michael Faraday, b. Sept. 22, 1791, d.Aug. 25, 1867, i known for hi pioneering experiment in electricity andmagnetim. Many conider him the greatet experimentalit who ever lived.
Several concept that he derived directly from experiment, uch a line of magnetic force, have become common idea in modern phyic.
Faraday wa born at Newington, Surrey, near London. He received little more than a primary education, and at the age of 14 he wa apprenticed to a bookbinder. There he became intereted in the phyical and chemical work of the time. After hearing a lecture by the famou chemit Humphry Davy, he ent Davy the note he had made of hi lecture. A a reult Faraday wa appointed, at the age of 21, aitant to Davy in the laboratory of the Royal Intitution in London.
During the initial year of hi cientific work, Faraday occupied himelf mainly with chemical problem. He dicovered two new chloride of carbon and ucceeded in liquefying chlorine and other gae. He iolated benzene in 1825, the year in which he wa appointed director of the laboratory.
Davy, who had the greatet influence on Faraday thinking, had hown in 1807 that the metal odium and potaium can be precipitated from their compound by an electric current, a proce known a electrolyi.
Faraday vigorou puruit of thee experiment led in 1834 to what became known a Faraday law of electrolyi.[由Www.haozuowen.com整理]